Respiratory inhalers deliver medications directly to the lungs for people with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There are several types of respiratory inhalers, including metered dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, soft mist inhalers, and nebulizers. Some inhalers include spacers and valved holding chambers to help users to inhale the full dose of medication. These devices also reduce the amount of medicine that is deposited in the mouth, which can lead to problems with thrush or other infections.
A nebulizer is an easy-to-use respiratory inhaler that converts liquid medicine into a mist users can breathe in (inhale). Nebulizers are used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory disorders. There are three main types of nebulizers: jet, ultrasonic, and vibrating mesh or membrane. Each type produces medicated aerosol in a slightly different way to deliver the drug particles deeply into the lungs. In a jet respiratory inhalers, compressed air or oxygen is passed through a narrow orifice to create an area of low pressure at the outlet of the adjacent liquid feed tube. This pressure difference draws up the fluid from the reservoir and shatters it into droplets of various sizes by the walls or internal baffles in the nebulizer. Ultrasonic nebulizers use a piezoelectric crystal to produce ultrasonic sound waves that break down the drug solution into micron-scaled droplets. They also have baffles to remove large droplets and return them to the main chamber of the nebulizer. Respiratory inhalers can be used to deliver medicine directly to the lungs, which helps to reduce inflammation and improve breathing. They are mainly used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Inhaled medicines are available in several forms, including metered dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers and nebulizers. They are effective in treating a variety of chronic lung diseases, including asthma and COPD. Metered dose respiratory inhaler, also called aerosol inhalers or MDIs, are devices that contain a pressurized canister of medication that fits into a plastic mouthpiece. The medicine is released by pushing the canister into the mouthpiece. Using a respiratory inhaler requires patience and good technique. To learn how to use an MDI, talk with the doctor or pharmacist. For metered dose inhalers, wait for at least 30 seconds between puffs to ensure that the medicine has fully absorbed into the lungs and does not escape out of the aerosolized form. This is especially important if users have trouble breathing or are using more than one inhaler at a time. If patients use a metered dose inhaler (MDI), a spacer helps them get the best from the asthma medicine. They can be bought from most pharmacies, with or without a prescription. A spacer/valved holding chamber (VHC) works with a metered dose inhaler to deliver medication into the lungs. They also help to prevent some local side effects such as a sore throat and hoarse voice. They can be used by adults, children and babies. Some people find them more comfortable and easier to use than a nebuliser. Respiratory inhalers should be cleaned regularly to help keep them working at their best. Users can wash them in warm water with dishwashing detergent and allow to air dry. Some spacers can become static, which makes the medicine stick to them and make it harder for users to breathe through them. It's important to wash the spacer before users use it the first time, and at least every month.
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